What you need to know about the types of biting and poisonous flies?

Flies are annoying flying insects whose presence in the house causes irritation. And at the same time, all attempts to get rid of them give a short-lived effect. Flies are especially annoying in the summer, when they actively reproduce and constantly increase their numbers.

Such a neighborhood can negatively affect human health, since these insects are not as harmless as they seem at first glance.

Damage from flies

According to studies conducted by the World Health Organization, 20% of people in the world become infected with dangerous diseases from insects. And the main carrier of infections, bacteria and viruses among them are flies.

This is facilitated by the widespread distribution of insects throughout the globe. They thrive in cities and rural areas, and their diet is based on organic waste, sewage, and feces. Therefore, flies are carriers of pathogens of many diseases.

It was found that about 6 million bacteria live on the surface of the insect, and about 28 million in the intestine. Since flies are also attracted to human food, upon contact with them, the transmission of dangerous microorganisms occurs.

In addition, insects leave traces of their vital activity on everything they touch, namely furniture, clothing, and household items. This also contributes to the spread of infections.

Pest

Flesh flies

This type of insect is attracted to meat and fish products. In addition, they feed on animal and human feces. Blowflies are blue, green, and gray. Large concentrations of blow flies are observed in markets, slaughterhouses, places of open sale and storage of food.

Their larvae develop in animal corpses, kitchen waste, feces, as well as fresh and lightly salted fish. Blowflies are mainly carriers of intestinal infections. They are especially active in spring and autumn.

blowfly

Zhigalka

In appearance, the burner is similar to a housefly. The length of its body reaches 5.5-7 mm. A characteristic difference is the gray color with dark spots on the abdomen and stripes of the same color in the chest area. The insect has a highly elongated proboscis. At its end there is a chitinous plate. By rubbing the proboscis against the skin of a person or animal, the insect removes the top layer of the epidermis when biting. The zhigalka feeds on blood and at the same time injects poisonous saliva, which causes irritation.

The main source of food for this type of fly is cattle and horses. But in urban environments, in search of food, the zhigalka enters houses and attacks people and their pets. The fly is widespread throughout the world and is especially active in late summer and early autumn.

Zhigalka

House flies

This is the most common type of insect for humans. Houseflies, unlike house flies, do not bite, but they can also cause harm. The size of the insect is 6-8 cm. The color is gray with longitudinal black stripes on the chest and a yellowish abdomen on the underside of the body.

The entire body and legs of a housefly are covered with long hairs that trap dust and dirt upon contact with sewage, making houseflies carriers of infections.

Housefly

the world's largest fly.

How dangerous are flies?

For humans, flies are dangerous because they are capable of transmitting pathogens. Infection occurs through direct contact.

Diseases carried by flies:

• typhoid fever;
• dysentery;
• cholera;
• diphtheria;
• tuberculosis;
• anthrax;
• tularemia;
• polio;
• trachoma.

But the danger also comes from maggots. The disease caused by fly larvae is called myiasis.

If larvae accidentally enter an open wound on a person's skin or inside the body, they can remain viable for some time. In the first case, the disease is benign in nature, since the larvae feed only on pus and are not able to digest healthy tissue. Subsequently, they disappear, and their further development occurs without human intervention.

In the second case, they feed on the tissues of internal organs. As a result, the affected area begins to fester, which is accompanied by an inflammatory process. This negatively affects overall health and can be accompanied by elevated body temperature, vomiting, gangrene and even death. Only with timely diagnosis and treatment of myiasis can serious health consequences be avoided.

Tuberculosis

Other varieties

This insect can hardly be called a real fly. It is a flyer, but as soon as it hits its victim, it sheds its wings and lives like a flea, feeding on its blood. Despite its name, it can affect a fox, a wild boar, some species of birds, or a person unlucky enough to stumble upon it in the forest.

Another common species is horseflies. Although they are found in large quantities in forest areas and lake shores. This name also unites several species, but they are distinguished from ordinary houseflies by their large size and the possibility of having cutting edges in the proboscis area, with which they can bite painfully. They are often carriers of anthrax, tularemia and other diseases. Their males feed on plant pollen, while they themselves fly in search of blood.

Each type of fly has its own characteristics, by becoming familiar with what they are, you can free yourself from stereotypes and be prepared for all the unpleasant surprises that they can bring both at home and while traveling.

The most dangerous flies

The world population of these insects numbers 3,650 species; the tsetse fly is one of the most dangerous. The length of its body reaches 10-14 mm. The peculiarity is the wings crossed on the back and a sharp piercing proboscis that can even pierce the skin of an elephant. The color of the insect is grayish-red with four dark stripes. The fly's abdomen is yellowish above and gray below. A segment pattern in the shape of an ax is clearly visible on the wings. This insect feeds on the blood of small wild mammals, but can also attack humans.

The danger of this species is that it is a carrier of trypanosomiasis. The tsetse fly causes sleeping sickness in humans. When an infection enters the body, the immune system first decreases, fever, itching and pain in the joints appear.

Unpleasant symptoms are diagnosed 7-14 days after the bite. The second stage of the disease develops several months later. It is manifested by confusion, loss of coordination of movements, and numbness of the limbs. If left untreated, the person falls into a coma and then dies.

Red fire ants

Scientists have classified red fire ants as the most dangerous and aggressive species of biting insects. Their color is reddish-brown, and the sensation from the bite on the victim is reminiscent of the burning sensation of fire, hence the word “fiery” in the name. The size of these ants is small - 2-6 mm. The historical range of these insects was located in the central part of South America, but man accidentally transported them to different places in the world, where they established themselves. For a person suffering from allergies, the strong venom and powerful sting of the red fire ant poses a serious danger. At the site of the bite, a person has a feeling of exposure to an open flame, which only intensifies over time. An attack follows if the termites feel a threat to their anthill. Then a whole group of ants begins an attack and mercilessly stings the victim. About 30 people die from their bites every year.

Signs and symptoms of fly bites

You need to be wary of fly bites during daylight hours, since they are active only during the day. Most often, open areas of the body are attacked; some can bite through clothing.

The insect, along with saliva, injects a substance into the skin that affects blood clotting. This facilitates the feeding process, blood is more easily absorbed through the proboscis.

Children and people with sensitive skin experience an immediate reaction:

• sharp pain at the site of the bite;
• redness around a spot with dried blood;
• severe, persistent itching;
• swelling, edema of the extremities.

Usually, all symptoms from bites by burner flies go away on their own and do not require special treatment. It is enough to treat the affected areas with ammonia or any herbal tincture, rinse with laundry soap, and apply soda paste.

If allergy symptoms appear, you can take antihistamines (tablets) or external allergy medications. Inflammations on the skin are relieved with the help of Fenistil, Bepanten, Lokoid, Rescuer.

But fly bites can provoke myiases - diseases caused by the vital activity of their larvae. Depending on the location of the lesion and the spread of myiases, they are located:

• in the skin, spread to all layers of the epidermis;
• in all organs and cavities of the human body, this can lead to death;
• organs of vision, the larvae can completely destroy the eyes.

Less commonly, fly larvae infect the oral cavity, intestines and stomach.

Army ants

There are a huge number of ant species in the world, and many of them are very dangerous. These include army soldier ants, which are a specialized caste of worker ants and termites. The lack of vision only makes them more dangerous, because they attack anything that has flesh and blood - a fly, an elephant or a person. These fighters move in colonies and do not build anthills, so getting in their way will be a big deal. This type of ant has a large body, reaching 3 centimeters. They are armed with powerful, long mandibles that easily rip open flesh. Having made a hole, the ants climb into the wound and continue to destroy tissue, which causes incredible pain to the victim. They were even figuratively called “living death.” A colony of such ants could chew up an elephant in a week, and that would be a lot for a person to eat in a day.

Pest flies that live nearby

Melon fly

Among the insects there are garden pests: melon fly, raspberry fly, cherry fly, onion fly and cabbage fly. They should not be confused with Drosophila fruit flies, which, although they are close relatives, do not cause direct harm, as they feed on rotten fruits and berries.

This is interesting! Any fruit fly, unlike a fly, is a unique object of biological research: its genome largely coincides with the human genome. Most of our diseases have an analogue among these seemingly useless small insects. This is why the fruit fly is a valuable subject to study.

But let's return to garden pests. As you might guess, the cherry fly parasitizes cherries, the melon fly can destroy the harvest of honey-sweet fruits, and the raspberry fly attacks one of the healthiest berries. Onion larvae will eat the entire root crop. The cabbage fly is not particularly discerning and eats all cruciferous vegetables. The arrival of such pests in the garden is a real disaster. Adult insects feed on liquid food, but the larvae feed on the fruits in which the females deposit them. If you notice insects circling over the beds and garden trees, slightly smaller than ordinary flies, but very similar to them, immediately destroy them, otherwise the crop will be destroyed!

Cabbage fly

The cabbage fly eats cruciferous vegetables, including wild ones. Its invasion is especially dangerous for the garden due to its widespread distribution. The cabbage fly is one of the most voracious parasites on vegetable crops.

Hessian fly

Another pest that is dangerous on a larger scale is called the Hessian fly. Its larvae feed on cereals, preferring wheat and rye. The Hessian fly is more like a mosquito; it is not without reason that it is called the “bread mosquito.” According to legend, it came to our country with fodder brought by Hessian mercenaries back in 1776. It has taken root, become familiar, and causes enormous damage to domestic agriculture. The Hessian fly is dangerous because if the attack is not stopped in time, it can easily ruin the entire cereal harvest.

The forest pest is the fungus fly. Her children are the worms we all know, hopelessly spoiling boletus, boletus, russula, etc.

These insects are harmful and dangerous, but there are even worse ones. Let's get to know the bloodthirsty flies that bite.

Symptoms

Diseases caused by poisonous flies have a different list of symptoms. Cholera is easily identified by the presence of diarrhea, weakness, vomiting, and dehydration. The fight against the disease involves complex multi-stage treatment, because infection with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae has in the past caused frequent outbreaks of epidemics and pandemics.

Myiases are no less dangerous diseases, the characteristics of which depend on the area affected by parasites.

• Signs of intestinal myiasis: colitis, nausea, stomach pain, hemorrhages.
• With cavitary myiasis, toothache appears and tissues are affected.
• The ophthalmic type of parasitic disease causes pain in the eye, vision becomes blurry and blurry.
• Skin myiasis is manifested by tissue necrosis, itching, fever and intoxication of the body.

Lonomiya

Lonomy is a species of butterfly in South America and is also the most dangerous insect on Earth. It knows how to camouflage itself perfectly. Extreme toxicity is inherent in lonomy when it is in the caterpillar stage. Dangerous toxins enter the human body after a simple touch and destroy the structure of the blood. After a person comes into contact with dangerous lonomia, the kidneys stop working and death occurs.

Means of control and prevention

To defeat small, fast, voracious insects that exceed the prey in quantity and speed, a number of measures should be taken:

1. Airtightness of the room (mesh on windows, doors).
2. Use of adhesive tapes, insecticides, repellents.
3. Regular disinfection and use of folk remedies.

Proven folk remedies include the use of green repellers. These are wormwood, geranium, bird cherry, currant, tansy or castor bean. Plants can be planted around the house, indoors in flowerpots.

Ultrasonic repellers that are inaudible to people, wiping window frames with a vinegar solution and herbal decoctions help.

3) Pliers

These small insects are also dangerous to human life and health. Ticks number about 54 thousand species of their family. Some can provoke terrible diseases, while others are deadly. Despite their miniature size, these bloodthirsty insects wait for their prey among the bushes and grass. Many people say that ticks can live on trees, but they are not able to climb to such a height. Not a single species of tick has wings or high legs for jumping. Therefore, such information about ticks is unreliable. The first type of tick crawls under the skin of the victim and feeds using this method. You cannot pull them out yourself, as his head may remain in the body. The second type of tick prefers to bite through the skin after spending a short amount of time on the body. After a bite from such a tick, a mark remains in the form of a small circle or rash. If the first type of ticks is noticeable by its presence on the body, then with the second you need to be more vigilant. After any trip to nature, you need to carefully examine your body. Symptoms of a tick bite vary greatly. The most common symptoms are: headache, chills, increased weakness, aching joints, vomiting, fever, skin rashes, tachycardia and severe itching. Follow-up diseases from tick bites: Lyme disease, tick-borne encephalitis, anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, babesiosis, hemorrhagic fever, typhus and tularemia. Also, any tick bite can provoke lack of air, shock, acute tachycardia and loss of consciousness.

How to prevent an attack?

There are several ways and methods to combat biting flies: this is a biological, chemical and mechanical method.

The biological control method involves the use of special insect predators. These predatory insects are absolutely harmless to humans and animals, but are dangerous for biting flies and their offspring, since predatory insects eat them.

The chemical control method involves the use of special chemical insecticides that can get rid of annoying flies. These preparations are used to treat animal stalls, manure heaps, farm premises, and so on.

And the last method of fighting flies is called mechanical. This method involves the use of various mosquito nets, adhesive tapes, the use of various protective sprays against flies, as well as fly swatters.

Sources

• https://belt-wrestling.su/muhi-i-moshki/pochemu-muhi-kusayutsya.html
• https://kursi-floristiki.ru/muhi/pochemu-kusayutsya.html
• https://WikiParazit.ru/babochki-i-moshki/kakie-muhi-i-pochemu-kusayutsya.html
• https://izbavitsya-ot-vrediteley.ru/ukusy-muh.html
• https://klopkan.ru/muhi/pochemu-muhi-kusayutsya-osobenno-v-kontse-leta/
• https://Dezoff.ru/nasekomye/ukus-mukhi/
• https://eparazit.ru/pochemu-muxi-kusayutsya.html
• https://1medhelp.com/ukusy/ukus-muhi
• https://TaraKlop.ru/muhi/muhi-kusayutsya/

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2) Human Gadfly

Another dangerous parasitic insect is the human gadfly. This insect looks like a huge fly, which reaches about 12-19 mm in length. The human gadfly is capable of implanting its larvae under the skin of animals and people. To do this, the insect does not have to directly land on the body of its victim, because the gadfly can intercept other insects that may come into contact with other living creatures. For example, a female gadfly can transmit her eggs in flight to blood-sucking insects, which subsequently infect animals and people. When the larva gets under the skin of the victim, it grows and develops there. It is nourished by the fluid secreted by the skin. The gadfly larva is dangerous for humans because it causes various skin diseases. It is also not uncommon for this parasite to settle in the mucous membrane of the eyes and threaten complete loss of vision. At the time of infection with a gadfly larva, redness appears in the form of a small pimple, then this area becomes inflamed and causes pain. Every day, a lump begins to develop in the area where the larva lives, which subsequently grows and secretes pus. The gadfly larva uses its living victim to develop itself, and later, as an adult, leaves the body of the victim. During the period of infection, a person experiences painful symptoms, including aesthetic inconveniences.