Western flower thrips is a minor problem, but the crop may be lost

How to get rid of thrips using folk remedies

Folk remedies for thrips on indoor plants are low in effectiveness.
In the case of using folk remedies, pest control becomes longer and more dangerous. The editors of the Flower Festival magazine believe that they can only be used when the pest population is small, when you quickly discovered it.

Therefore, it is possible to fight the pest with folk remedies only in rare cases, since it is difficult to detect in the first days of infection

If you still decide to fight thrips with folk remedies, then it is very important to observe regular processing and carry it out especially carefully. 1

Soap solution

1. Soap solution

To prepare a soap solution, it is better to take laundry, tar or green potassium soap, and, in extreme cases, dishwashing detergent.

The entire indoor flower, as well as the window sill, window frame, pot and pot tray are treated with a soap solution. The more foam in the process, the better.

After wiping the plant, it is better to wash off the soap suds after 2-4 hours.

RECIPE. Pour a tablespoon of soap shavings into a glass of warm water. To enhance the effect, you can add a teaspoon of ammonia (technical, medical, or, in extreme cases, vodka) and 300 grams of water.

The soap-alcohol solution must be washed off after 10-15 minutes with warm water so as not to burn your home flower.

IMPORTANT! Some experts insist that using soap solution on indoor flowers is not permissible. In their opinion, soap blocks the stomata of the plant, which leads to disruption of photosynthesis and plant development

Plants with delicate leaves should not be treated with alcohol.

2. Pepper infusion

Infusion of red hot pepper: boil 20-30 grams of crushed (finely chopped) pepper in 200 ml of water for 60 minutes. Then leave the resulting liquid for 24 hours and strain. To spray, dilute 10 ml of infusion in a liter of water.

You can treat plants with pepper infusion once every two weeks. Pepper tincture can be stored for a long time in its finished form, which allows it to be used very quickly.

3. Tobacco

Pour 80 grams of dry tobacco (shag) with a liter of water and leave for 24 hours, then strain and dilute with a liter of water. Then rinse and spray the plant.

4. Mustard

Add a teaspoon of dry mustard powder to a liter of water and stir. Pour the resulting solution into the soil mixture - it does a good job of destroying pupated thrips larvae.

5. Garlic

Garlic infusion is a popular folk remedy in the fight against various pests.

Pour a glass of water over five crushed cloves (a teaspoon of pulp) of garlic. Infuse the mixture in a tightly sealed container for 1-2 days, and then wash the plant every 7-8 days. To spray, strain the infusion through three layers of gauze.

Recipe No. 2. A teaspoon of garlic pulp (4-5 cloves crushed) is poured into 500 ml of boiling water and left for 4-5 hours. The infusion is filtered and the affected flower is wiped.

6. Onion

A medium-sized onion is finely chopped, mashed and poured with a glass of water for 2-3 hours. Then everything is the same as with garlic.

ONION PEEKS. To prepare the infusion, pour 20 grams of husk with a liter of warm water and leave for 13-16 hours. The resulting infusion is sprayed on indoor flowers; usually 2-3 procedures are enough to remove aphids.

7. Celandine

300-400 grams of fresh celandine during flowering (or 100 grams of dry), leave in a liter of water for 24-36 hours and can be washed and sprayed.

8. Oil

Beat 5-10 grams of soap in a glass of water until foam appears, add 15-20 ml of machine oil (2 tablespoons of olive or sunflower). The plant is washed completely with a soap-oil emulsion and left for 6-10 hours, and then washed off.

Carry out 2-3 procedures every 7-10 days. Before treating the plant, cover the soil mixture in the pot with film! Treatment with a water-oil emulsion is not recommended for plants with pubescent, delicate or very thin leaves.

9. Kerosene

In a liter of water, stir 40 grams of household soap (25 grams of green potassium soap) and add five drops of kerosene, and then shake the solution well. The mixture can be wiped or sprayed on the affected areas of the plant.

BIOLOGICAL METHODS

Experts note that thrips can be controlled with the help of certain types of predatory mites, predatory bugs and lacewings. However, this control method is more suitable for greenhouses and greenhouses.

Effective means to combat

The following options are considered the most popular:

1. In a residential building, you can use a folk remedy that contains dishwashing liquid and nicotine. It is necessary to crumble a pack of inexpensive cigarettes, add warm water (2 liters) and leave for several hours. After this, add dishwashing liquid to the resulting solution, mix thoroughly and strain.
2. A drop of hot paraffin from a burning candle will help quickly neutralize the beetle, and simply heated wax has the same effect.
3. In a vegetable garden or orchard, you can use the drug Fufanon Nova, which successfully repels bedbug attacks on cultivated plants and prevents the pest from multiplying. However, such a remedy is not used in an apartment.
4. Women's hairspray perfectly seals all the breathing and smelly holes on the shield bug's body.
5. Since the stink bug breathes through the pores on its body, you can try to neutralize the insect before it has time to release its smelly liquid using ordinary water. To do this, you need to fill the container with water, dissolve soap in it and quickly throw the bug into this solution.

The liquid, which is toxic to the beetle, will not allow it to empty its odorous glands and will save your home from an unpleasant odor. After some time, when the insect dies, the solution can be poured into the toilet.

Since the stink bug is not one of the insects dangerous to humans, there are no chemicals whose action is aimed specifically at its destruction. Therefore, the fight against it should only begin if the number of insects begins to increase sharply, which can lead to serious consequences for your garden plot.

Basic methods for controlling Western flower thrips

Mechanical protection.

Recently, a new method of protecting plants from small insects has been recommended. The crop that is threatened by thrips is covered with the lightest mesh. The same mesh is used to cover doors and other openings. The effectiveness of this technique reaches 30-70%, but in practice it is difficult to implement.

Agricultural technology. Constant inspection of plants (especially young ones) and immediate destruction or isolation of infested specimens are necessary. All weeds and plant debris should be carefully removed from greenhouses. Traps should also be hung in farms where the pest has not yet been detected, which will allow it to be identified at the early stages of colonization and, possibly, prevent its establishment and colonization of the entire farm. To do this, they are placed near ventilation holes, doors, in corridors and directly above planted plants. For every 100 square meters, 1 trap is hung. In farms where thrips has already spread, control using traps allows one to assess the level of infestation and the degree of potential damage.

The predominance of males in traps indicates a low level of population density. During this period, it is still possible to prevent an outbreak of reproduction. The predominance of females indicates that an outbreak has begun and the need to take urgent exterminatory measures. Population densities can be reduced to some extent by manipulating the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse. This technique is especially effective at the end of the growing season; at this time, increasing the air temperature by 40° or higher for 24 hours while simultaneously decreasing humidity helps clean the greenhouse of the pest.

Biological method.

This method currently gives the greatest effect and is widespread in Europe. So far only predators are used against thrips. Among them, the most effective mites are Amblyseius (Neoseiulus) cucumeris and A. barkeri, as well as bugs. Orius. Releases of predators make it possible to significantly reduce the scale of chemical treatments, especially in the first half of the season, but this method cannot completely prevent an outbreak of mass reproduction of thrips. Ticks are brought into greenhouses packaged in small perforated bags, which can contain from several tens to several hundred individuals. The release rates for mites depend on the crop being protected and the density of plant pest infestation. They can be several mites per leaf, several dozen individuals per square meter of greenhouse area, several hundred per plant. It must be taken into account that predatory mites destroy only larvae and do not feed on adults.

Use of resistant species and varieties. Western flower thrips damage can be reduced by growing resistant plants. Different flower crops have different sensitivity to its damage.

Chemical method.

To combat this pest on ornamental, flower and other crops, chemicals are used according to the “Catalog of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation for 2012.”

However, the key to solving the problem of Western flower thrips lies in prevention. Careful control of imported products and a high level of agricultural technology are economically much more effective than the use of any, even the most modern, extermination measures.

Information provided by the Office of Rosselkhoznadzor for the Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of AdygeaNewspaper “Agrarian Kuban” May 5, 2012

Nuances and difficulties when fighting

The extermination of thrips is difficult even when using pesticides:

1. It is difficult to achieve direct contact between the insecticide and the pest, since insects hide in plant parts (bud, flower, stem, bark, scales).

2. Immunity to many chemicals, which thrips developed in its homeland, America. For greenhouse (the most common) thrips, there are no products that can be combined to control other parasitic insects.

Ways to control California flower thrips:

• Mechanical . Covering potential victim plants with fine mesh netting. It is also installed on window, doorways, and ventilation grilles.

• Agrotechnical . Constant monitoring, removal of affected plants, regular weeding, traps.

• Biological . Colonization of the soil with special types of mites and bugs. They will not get rid of the pest completely, but they will greatly reduce its population. Moreover, biodestroyers eat not only larvae, but also adult thrips.

• Chemical . Using several chemicals specifically formulated to control the small pest. These products are very toxic and are used two, less often three times at intervals of several days.

Although the destruction of thrips is difficult and not always successful, it is necessary to fight it. Who, besides you, will protect your green plantings from the invasion of the insidious, gluttonous and prolific “immigrant” from the West.

How to deal with thrips on indoor plants

Thrips on orchids

The fact that thrips have settled on the orchid will be indicated by the appearance of a silvery film on its leaves and small strokes and dots on the underside of the leaf plate. These damages are similar to those left on plants by spider mites, but the marks from thrips bites are more pronounced. Since thrips hide in the substrate at the slightest danger, they can be very difficult to detect. In addition, with the help of wings they easily move from one plant to another. How to get rid of thrips? First you need to thoroughly wash the orchid in the shower, then cut out all damaged areas to healthy tissue, sprinkle the cuts with crushed coal and spray the flower with Fitoverm or Actellik. Treatment with insecticides is repeated twice more with an interval of 10 days. All this time the plant should be in quarantine until you are sure that all pests have been destroyed. If there are few thrips on the orchid, instead of chemicals, you can use herbal insecticides for treatment - an infusion of onion or garlic or oil water.

Thrips on violets

As on other flowers, flower thrips on Saintpaulias usually appear when most of the plants are already affected. And yet, there is a way to deal with pests on violets literally in one go. Water your Saintpaulias well 2-3 days before treatment. Before processing, wrap the pot in a plastic bag to protect the soil from water getting into it. Wash off the dust from the violet with warm running water, then lower the flower “upside down” into a deep basin with the following composition: dissolve 1 ampoule of Fitoverm and 25-30 ml of anti-flea shampoo for animals in 5-6 liters of warm water. When stirred, the shampoo forms foam, which must be removed, even to the point of absorbing the remaining soap clumps with toilet paper. The violet should remain in the soap solution for 10 seconds, after which it is removed from the water and turned over very slowly so that as much liquid as possible can be drained into the basin. It is strictly forbidden to shake and twist the flower, trying to shake water off it. Remove the polyethylene from the pot and thoroughly water the soil with a solution of Aktara and Fitosporin-M, prepared in accordance with the instructions. Keep the treated flowers in quarantine until you are sure that there are no more thrips on them.

Thrips pest - description

The length of the black, brown or gray body of thrips reaches from 0.5 to 3 mm, some species are much larger - about 14 mm. The legs of thrips are running, the mouthparts are asymmetrical, piercing-sucking, and the paws are without claws, but are equipped with teeth and a bubble-like suction device. The abdomen of thrips consists of 11 segments. There is fringe along the edges of the wings. Thrips develop through five stages: eggs, larvae, pronymphs, nymphs and adults. Thrips larvae have a grayish or white-yellow body, otherwise they differ from adults only in the absence of wings.

Thrips are polyphages, that is, omnivorous insects. They are one of the most common pests of agricultural, vegetable, fruit, ornamental and indoor crops. They pose a particular danger to plants indoors: if thrips are infested in greenhouses, it is very difficult to get rid of them; you can only contain their population numbers. It is difficult to detect these pests due to their small size and secretive lifestyle: they can parasitize one plant for a long time without spreading to neighboring ones.

Adults and larvae suck the sap from the above-ground parts of the plant and infect them with their secretions. First, discolored or yellowish spots, streaks or stripes appear at the bite sites, which gradually merge. As a result of the activity of pests, plant tissue dies, holes form in place of the spots, leaves wither and fall off, flowers lose their decorative effect and fall off prematurely. When a plant is massively occupied by thrips, silvery areas appear on its ground organs, the stems are bent, and the flowers are deformed due to the fact that the pests have damaged the flower buds. On top of that, thrips are carriers of incurable viral diseases.

Prevention

To prevent any flower thrips (California thrips, tobacco thrips) from destroying your plants, you must follow these instructions for prevention:

• Remove the weeds!
• Destroy anything left of the plants after harvesting.
• Dig up the soil in the fall.
• Disinfect flower bulbs. To do this, you need to put them in a bowl with an insecticide solution, then dry them.
• Check the bulbs in winter. If you see thrips, sprinkle the tubers with chalk or ash.
• Do not plant infected bulbs!
• Before planting the bulbs, soak them for half an hour in a Phosfamide solution (0.1%).
• Give the soil time to rest from planting the same crop for about 3 years. Change planting locations!
• If there are a lot of thrips on one plant, cut it back before the parasites become established at the bottom of the stem.
• Spray the plants with herbal infusions, for example, yarrow and biological preparations, for example, Fitoverm.

Appearance

The Californian thrips is native to the United States of America. There, this type of insect is distributed from the northern border of Mexico to the state of Alaska.

The first specimens of this insect species were discovered in the California region.

In Europe, the insect was first seen in 1983, and in Russia the pests appeared after the collapse of the USSR .

REFERENCE: It differs from other species of this group of pests in the structure of its whiskers and bristles, which can only be examined in detail under a microscope.

You can determine that flowers are affected by this particular type of insect by the appearance of the individuals:

• Adults reach a length of 1 millimeter;
• Slim waist;
• Color ranges from light yellow to dark brown (the front part is bright yellow);
• The wings resemble fringed fabric, the color is darker than that of the body;
• The front wings and legs have a pointed tip;
• The oral cavity is of the piercing-sucking type.

Biology and distribution of Western California flower thrips

In the pest's native region of the western United States, this species of flower thrips can be present in large numbers on a wide range of host plants, from grasses to subalpine shrubs. As a pest, the insect is found both in open ground and in greenhouses, where it damages flowers and leaves of various plant crops: apricots, peaches, plums, roses, chrysanthemums, carnations, sweet peas, gladioli, balsam, gerbera, buttercup, peas, tomatoes , peppers, cucumbers, melons, strawberries, alfalfa, grapes, cotton.

In Northern Europe, Western flower thrips operates mainly on indoor plants: vegetable crops such as cucumbers, peppers, and also on flowers such as chrysanthemums, gerberas, roses and Saintpaulias. But in Southern Europe F. occidentalis Perg. damages many field crops, including strawberries, grapes and artichokes. In Southern Italy, this species has become the dominant thrips fauna on wild flowers.

Western flower thrips larvae and adults suck cell sap from plant tissue. First, this causes the appearance of yellow necrotic spots and creates a characteristic streak on the plant surface; gradually these strokes and spots merge. Damaged plant tissue dies, causing holes to form and leaves wither and fall off. When infested en masse, silvery areas are noticeable on the plants, and curvature of the stems is often noted. Damage to flower buds causes deformation of flowers. Curly flowers and curled ovaries are the main signs of infestation of cucumber plants by Western flower thrips. In addition, characteristic scars appear on the fruits of cucumbers and legumes (Rosenheim et al., 1990). When rose buds are populated en masse, they do not open and dry out (photo 1).

In addition to the direct harm caused by the pest's feeding, large losses are also due to the fact that thrips transmit pathogens of viral plant diseases - tospoviruses. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is particularly dangerous. It is a serious disease of several economically important crops worldwide (Cho et al., 1988). For example, in Hawaii, TSWV disease significantly impacts the production of economically important vegetable and ornamental crops. Thus, as a result of the disease, 50-90% of the lettuce and tomato yield was lost (Cho et al., 1986; Yudin et al., 1986).

TSWV is a unique virus because it has one of the widest ranges of susceptible plants. It is the only virus transmitted primarily by thrips (Best, 1968; Cho et al., 1989), and the western flower thrips is considered the most important vector.

By colonizing vegetable crops, thrips significantly reduce their productivity. So, in 1988, they caused a loss of 20% of the cucumber crop in greenhouses in British Columbia (Canada). Due to the activity of the pest, either the number of flowers decreased or they were so damaged that fruits did not set.

In California (USA), western flower thrips damages alfalfa in open ground (by feeding larvae on flowers and young beans), fruit trees (the surface of the fruit becomes scarred or acquires a silvery tint, especially on plums) (photo 2).

Western twig thrips causes significant economic damage in various countries. Thus, after the pest was first discovered in 1988, the Finnish government allocated about $8 million to combat it, but the pest invasion could not be contained, and now it is widespread in this country.

F. occidentalis Perg. affects commercial growing of plants in different ways: directly reduces yield and its marketability or affects forage plants with vector-borne viral diseases. Also, sometimes visual detection of Western flower thrips on plants can be a reason to refuse sale. Some crops, including cut flowers, strawberries, peppers and cucumbers, lose almost all market value when attacked by Western flower thrips. In other crops, damage is more pronounced due to infection with tospoviruses. The greatest damage is usually associated with poor agricultural practices, where the producer was unable to foresee the harm of weeds as a source of infection for cultivated plants. Very often, crops that are susceptible to infection are grown next to those that are seriously infected.

Varieties and their photos

Due to the small size of these insects, it becomes quite difficult to determine which species they belong to. Among thrips, there are many different species that are extremely dangerous for various plants. Thrips dehydrate flowers, fruits and leaves, contaminate plants with their secretions , and can also infect them with various diseases and viruses.

Divorceous

This species is one of the most common among thrips, which is also called “common”. Found everywhere, even in the subantarctic. It has a brown or black-brown color. An adult specimen reaches no more than 1 mm in length. It has yellow forelegs and darkened wings, at the base of which there is a light transverse stripe.

During the year they give no more than 2-3 generations. Females lay eggs in the sepals and stems of the food crop. Causes considerable harm to berry crops, grasses, fruit trees, legumes and cereals. It feeds not only on inflorescences, but also on developing ovaries. In total, about 500 species of different plants are known that this pest feeds on.

Western Californian floral

This pest is a tropical species. Distributed throughout the world, but most of all in North America. This is a tiny insect, no more than 2 mm in length. It is predominantly light yellow or dark brown in color.

Its oral apparatus is of the piercing-sucking type. The front wings of this insect have a pointed apex. also highly resistant to chemical plant protection products.

It feeds on the sap of the cultivated crop, which leads to curvature of fruits and shoots, deformation of flowers and delayed plant development. Flower thrips also transmit viral diseases .

Wheat

This type of pest is widespread in Russia. In addition, it also covers the territories of North America, Africa and Western Europe. Wheat thrips is a small, elongated insect measuring 1.5 to 2.3 mm.

The oral apparatus, which is of the piercing-sucking type, is directed backward along the body. The wings have an elongated shape, with a long fringe of cilia at the edges and narrowed in the middle. Cilia are also present on the posterior edge of the fore wings. The color of this insect varies from brown-black to black. The forelegs and foretibia of the wheat thrips are yellow.

This species mainly harms the following plants:

• spring wheat;
• barley;
• oats;
• corn;
• buckwheat;
• wild grains;
• cotton;
• tobacco;
• wild herbaceous plants.

When eaten, it damages flower membranes, glumes and awns. It also sucks out the juice, which causes stunted grains and white-haired plants.

Tobacco

Tobacco thrips is most common in Australia, America, Asia and Africa. It has an elongated oval-shaped body, which consists of separate sections of the abdomen, chest and head.

This species is quite small, unlike others. Its maximum length is 1.5 mm. The front legs and wings are yellowish in color. It differs from other thrips species by the presence of lateral setae on each side of the tergite of the second segment.

Basically, tobacco thrips damages shoots, inflorescences and leaves of plants from the following families:

But most often it harms tobacco by sucking liquid from the cells of the integumentary tissue. When severely damaged, plant leaves become covered with yellow-white specks with black dots, after which they turn brown and dry out.

Onion

It is a common vegetable pest. Found throughout the world. An adult specimen of this insect reaches a length of 0.8 to 0.9 mm. Onion thrips has an oblong, narrow body that is dark brown or light yellow in color.

The wings of this insect are framed with fringe. Damages the following crops:

Damage is mainly caused by females and larvae. They feed on the cellular sap of leaves, which causes the appearance of light necrotic spots that turn brown over time. As a result of the damage caused, plants grow slower and the yield decreases.

Rozanny

Roseate thrips is quite widespread in the territory of the former USSR. It has an elongated oval body that grows no more than 1 mm in length. Outwardly, it is not much different from the heterovorous thrips, with the exception of its characteristic brown color.

You need to be on guard with flowers: store-bought plants can infect thrips

“My daughter gave me a beautiful rose in a pot. Not a couple of weeks later, I saw that the leaves of a nearby flower had turned white. The neighbor said that this could be because the rose was infected with thrips. Tell me how such an infection can manifest itself and how dangerous it is?” Galina Viktorovna from Polysayevo.

The state inspector of the department of supervision in the field of phytosanitary supervision and seed control of the Office of Rosselkhoznadzor for the Republics of Khakassia and Tyva and the Kemerovo Region Alexander NIKITIN answers the question:

– Flowers can really be dangerous. While admiring purchased or gifted flowers at home, after some time people notice that the leaves have acquired an uneven yellow-white color, yellow spots, silvery streaks appear, and dark discharge is visible on their underside, and the plant becomes unsightly. Such damage is typical for thrips, which is a quarantine object.

This is a very small (up to 2 millimeters) insect that settles in flower buds, buds, flowers and leads a secretive lifestyle. In Russia, thrips was first identified in the early 90s in St. Petersburg, where it arrived with flowers from Western Europe.

Shake the purchased flowers over a white sheet of paper. Insects have fallen out (small, 1-2 millimeters in size, very mobile), feel free to burn the leaf, destroy the plant. Carefully inspect the leaves and stems of the plant.

Western flower thrips harms all vegetables and most ornamental flower crops; it can live in all flowers without exception - roses, carnations, chrysanthemums, lilies. Infested leaves and flowers quickly wither and fall off. Damage to flower buds causes deformation of flowers and fruits. In addition, it is a dangerous pest for indoor plants, as it spreads and multiplies very quickly, and its control is practically ineffective.

The main methods of controlling thrips are biological and chemical. The use of biological agents is possible only in greenhouses. This method involves a constant and regular timely supply of predators that destroy the pest. There are few effective chemicals to combat flower thrips. Currently, there are a number of drugs approved for use in personal plots to combat thrips, these are the drugs: Aktara, Fufanon, Akarin.

But given the high resistance of Western flower thrips to pesticides, a single treatment with drugs is ineffective. When using insecticides on private farms, it is necessary to strictly follow the regulations for use and safety measures. To effectively suppress thrips populations in protected soil, it is necessary to carry out double chemical treatment of plants with an interval of 5-6 days.

For organizations associated with the sale of plant products and for greenhouse plants, there are a number of preventive measures:

* firstly, it is prohibited to import and export flower cuts, seedlings, cuttings and other plant products from other countries without a phytosanitary certificate;

* secondly, it is necessary to conduct a systematic examination of flower, vegetable and ornamental crops in greenhouses;

* thirdly, infected plants must be immediately destroyed;

* fourthly, it is necessary to disinfect the soil, tools and containers, remove weeds in and around greenhouses, and destroy plant debris.

When purchasing a plant, you should carefully inspect it to detect damage or traces of pests, as well as the presence of insects themselves, and if possible, do not place purchased cut flowers near indoor plants. Potted plants can also be kept isolated for some time and monitored regularly to prevent infection of all indoor plants, since fighting these pests yourself is very problematic.

If you find the above signs of the presence of thrips on the plants you purchased, you need to contact the specialists of the Rosselkhoznadzor Office for the Republics of Khakassia and Tyva and the Kemerovo Region to determine the presence or absence of harmful organisms and prevent its spread. Helpline.

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Remedies for the fight against soldier beetles

The first thing you can use to kill these pests is a chemical. The insecticide can be sprayed on the exterior walls of the home where insects tend to congregate in large numbers. The best time for this is spring, when the beetles are just beginning to emerge from hibernation, or in the fall, when they begin to look for shelter and warmth. Although this residual insecticide will be a deterrent to insects landing in these areas, it will not be effective once cold weather arrives.

The use of insecticides is generally only advisable when the infestation of soldiers has become too large and things have gotten out of control. Local hardware stores and pest control companies can help you choose the right pesticide; The most common active ingredients to control these bugs are bifenthrin, cyclofluthrin, deltamethrin, etc. Some things to keep in mind when using insecticides are:

• using them indoors is not as effective as using them outdoors and can damage the interior of the house;
• You need to focus on areas where beetles are most likely to congregate, including areas that get a lot of sunlight;
• It is worth using a sprayer to get maximum coverage;
• you need to concentrate on spraying the south and southwest sides of the house;
• You need to be careful not to get these insecticides on your lawn and plants as they can cause damage;
• If you decide to use pesticides indoors, you need to apply them to the wall - under baseboards, inside plumbing holes and around electrical outlets and patch panel covers;
• once the insecticide wears off, more bugs will appear.

The use of insecticides is usually only advisable when the infestation of soldiers has become too large and things have gotten out of control

Traps using light or glue can be useful for catching or killing toy soldiers. Light traps use a pest bait in the form of light - artificial or otherwise - while glue traps have a sticky substance that the beetles cannot escape from. There are even powder traps available. They are attached to the window glass. This trap, filled with powder, is very effective. The beetles are then attracted to the light into the trap, where the powder sticks to their legs, preventing them from escaping.

For many, using a mixture of soap and water has proven effective in killing bedbugs. Experts say the mixture can break down the beetle's hardened skin, causing its membranes to deteriorate. The beetles will become dehydrated and die. White spots on their shell indicate dehydration. One common method is to add 1-2 tbsp. l. soap into a standard spray bottle filled with water. You need to spray the mixture directly on the beetles. Repeated application of this method is usually necessary to prevent the spread of the beetles.

Portrait

These are very small, elongated insects, up to 1 mm in length, often dark. They suck out the contents of plant cells, and since they actively feed all the time, the “victim” quickly becomes covered with spots or stripes. Then the damaged areas merge and die, and the leaves completely dry out. Thrips reproduce at an explosive rate: it is believed that one female can lay up to 90–100 eggs, and she does not require males for this! Consider for yourself: where one female sat on a plant, in 2 weeks 100 new females may appear, and after the same period of time we will already have 10,000 insects. In closed ground, this makes a stunning impression: everything was just clean - and suddenly we see a huge number of thrips.

Control measures

Agrotechnical methods

Accurate adherence to organizational and economic measures for growing food plants for Western flower thrips. [1]

Chemical method

Biological method of control

Quarantine measures

• Control at points of entry of plant products and planting material supplied to greenhouse farms.
• Systematic survey of greenhouse farms. [1]

The following sources were also used when writing the article: [6]

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Compiled by: Grigorovskaya P.I., Zaitseva T.V.

Last update: 08/17/19 08:56

Literature

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• Del Bene G., Gargani E.
  A contribution to the knowledge of Frankliniella occidentalis (in Italian) // Redia. - 1989. - Vol. 72. - P. 403–420.
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  Bibliography of the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (English) // Bulletin SROP. - 1989. - Vol. 12. - P. 29-66.
• Mound Laurence A.
  [https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.ento.49.061802.123318 Thysanoptera: diversity and interactions] (English) // Annual Review of Entomology: Journal. - Palo Alto, USA: Annual Reviews, 2005. - Vol. 50. - P. 247-269. — ISSN [https://www.sigla.ru/table.jsp?f=8&t=3&v0=0066-4170&f=1003&t=1&v1=&f=4&t=2&v2=&f=21&t=3&v3=&f=1016&t=3&v4=&f =1016&t=3&v5=&bf=4&b=&d=0&ys=&ye=&lng=&ft=&mt=&dt=&vol=&pt=&iss=&ps=&pe=&tr=&tro=&cc=UNION&i=1&v=tagged&s=0&ss=0&st=0&i18n =ru&rlf=&psz=20&bs=20&ce=hJfuypee8JzzufeGmImYYIpZKRJeeOeeWGJIZRrRRrdmtdeee88NJJJJpeeefTJ3peKJJ3UWWPtzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzbzzvzzpy5zzjzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz zzzzzzzzzzzzztzzzzzzzbzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzyeyTjkDnyHzTuueKZePz9decyzzLzzzL*.c8.NzrGJJvufeeeeeJheeyzjeeeeJh*peeeeKJJJJJJJJJmjHvOJ JJJJJJJfeeeieeeeSJJJJJSJJJ3TeIJJJJ3..E.UEAcyhxD.eeeeeeuzzzLJJJJ5.e8JJJheeeeeeeeeeeeyeeK3JJJJJJJJ*s7defeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeSJJJJJJJJZIJJzzz1..6LJJJJJJtJJ Z4….EK*&debug=false 0066-4170].
• Nakahara, Sueo.
  Annotated list of the Frankliniella species of the world (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) (English) // Contributions on Entomology, International: Journal. - 1997. - Vol. 2, no. 4. - P. 355-389.
• Nickle, David A.
  Commonly intercepted thrips (Thysanoptera) from Europe, the Mediterranean, and Africa at US ports-of-entry. Part II. Frankliniella Karny and Iridothrips Priesner (Thripidae) // Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington: Journal. - 2004. - Vol. 106, no. 2. - P. 438-452.
• Waterhouse, D. F. and K. R. Norris.
  Chapter 4 Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). pp. 24-35. In: Biological Control Pacific Prospects - Supplement 1. - Canberra: Australian Center for International Agricultural Research:, 1989. - P. 1-123.

Threat to the dacha

California thrips can also live in unheated greenhouses during the season. Or it forms outbreaks on crops such as onions and cabbage. It can develop on them in the summer, and then come to storage on them. At +10 °C it begins to feed, and at +13 it reproduces again. And if onions or cabbage have been left to sit until spring, then they can again end up in the open ground and begin harmful activities on the site.

A cucumber leaf infected with California thrips. Photo: VNIIKR

Alas, ordinary people can bring California thrips to their summer cottage by bringing in infected cabbage or onions purchased at the store. Then the pest can cause them a lot of trouble: it can completely destroy the cucumbers in the greenhouse and destroy all the flowers - their leaves and petals will become stained and then die. Among other things, thrips carry viruses (some of them are spread only by these insects). Among them, one of the most dangerous viral diseases of tomatoes is tomato bronzing, which has already appeared in the Moscow region. When the Californian thrips came to Bulgaria (tomatoes are considered a strategic crop in this country), it caused enormous damage precisely because it brought with it the tomato bronze virus.

Thrips

Thrips are quite well known among gardeners and gardeners, as they often parasitize vegetable crops. They are also called Greenhouse or Bubble Legged due to their special body structure. It is precisely due to the structural features of the body that thrips cannot be confused with any other insects. The body of an adult individual has very small dimensions from 0.5 to 1.5 mm and looks like a tiny midge.

The main food of thrips is the juices of the plants on which they parasitize. There is a suction tube in the mouth through which the insect drinks. Thrips can flutter from one bush to another with the help of a pair of long and narrow wings. Nature forces them to change their location. They move around in search of fresh food and places to lay eggs. Their small size and poor wing development do not allow them to make long flights.

There are several types of thrips:

• Divorceous;
• Decorative;
• Rozanny;
• Tobacco;
• Western floral or Californian.

Features of thrips

The body of thrips can be colored brown, black or gray, and its length varies from 0.05 to 0.3 cm. In some species, the body of the insect is larger - approximately 1.4 cm. The mouthparts of thrips are piercing sucking, asymmetrical, legs are running, there are no claws on the paws, instead they have teeth and bubble-shaped suction devices. The abdomen consists of 11 segments, and there is a fringe on the edge of the wings.

The development of such an insect goes through 5 stages, namely: eggs, larvae, pronymphs, nymphs and adults. The body color of the larvae is yellowish-white or pale gray, and they differ from the imago only in that they do not have wings. Thrips are polyphagous, which means they are omnivorous insects. They are considered one of the most common pests of vegetable, ornamental, agricultural, fruit and indoor crops. Thrips are the most dangerous indoors; for example, if they appear in a greenhouse, it is almost impossible to exterminate them; you can only contain their population.

Thrips on plants are difficult to detect because they are very small and lead a hidden lifestyle: they often live on one bush for a long time, without moving to neighboring plants. Adult insects, as well as larvae, feed on sap, sucking it from the above-ground parts of the bush, while infecting it with their secretions. Initially, light yellow or discolored spots, as well as stripes and streaks, form in the area of ​​the bites, over time they increase in size and connect with each other. The result of the life activity of thrips is the death of plant tissues, where there were spots, holes appear over time, wilting and flying of leaves is also observed, flowers lose their decorative effect and fade ahead of schedule. If the occupation of the bush is massive, then silvery areas can be seen on its above-ground parts, the shoots become curved, and the flowers become deformed (as a result of injury to the flower bud). In addition, thrips are the main carriers of viral diseases that are currently considered incurable.

How to fight a pest and win

Thrips are particularly resistant, so their destruction should be approached comprehensively.

Algorithm of actions

1. If insects are found on one indoor flower, carefully inspect the others, and then isolate the infected ones.
2. Before processing, rinse the plant in the shower. Remove all buds and flowers without exception, as thrips prefer to settle in them.
3. Keep in mind that insects spend some stages of development in the soil. Therefore, spray not only the above-ground part, but also spill the ground.
4. Carry out at least 3 treatments to get rid of hatched pests and prevent re-laying of eggs, otherwise the fight will be endless. At a temperature of 21-23º C, the interval between treatments is 7-10 days, at a higher temperature - 5-7 days.
5. To increase efficiency, combine mechanical (traps) and chemical destruction methods.

Chemical control of parasites

Most insecticides are distributed through the vascular network throughout plant tissues and act systemically, which ensures high efficiency of treatments. A number of drugs, mainly of enteric contact action, are used against thrips:

• “Fitoferm” – make an aqueous solution of 2 ml (1 ampoule) per glass.
• “Aktara” - for watering and spraying, a 4-gram bag is diluted into 5 liters. Since unused solution should not be stored, divide the contents of the sachet four times (1 g each), dilute it in 1.25 l.
• “Confidor” – used for watering, only affects adults.
• "Actellik" - refers to highly toxic drugs (hazard class 2). For indoor plants it is used in two cases: if other methods do not work or if the damage is widespread and comparable to a disaster.
• "Inta-Vir" - the tablet is dissolved in a 10-liter bucket of water. For indoor plants, it is more convenient to dilute ¼ of this amount.

It is recommended to start the fight against thrips with the drugs that are safest for people - Aktara, Confidora, Inta-Vira. Use more toxic insecticides only in case of mass infestation.

Note: to increase the effectiveness of treatments, after spraying, put a plastic bag on the flower and remove it after a day. It is also useful to alternate between different insecticides.

Traditional methods

Home remedies are of questionable effectiveness, so the fight against thrips will take longer. In addition, there is a risk that while you are testing the next method, pests will spread to healthy indoor flowers. The use of folk recipes is justified only at the initial stage of colonization and a small number of insects.

For treatments, solutions of dishwashing detergents and laundry soap are used, with which the houseplant is completely treated. Infusions of hot pepper (20g/200 ml of water), tobacco (80g per liter), mustard (spoon per liter), celandine (100g/liter) are also used.

The most popular methods of struggle

You will have to find effective methods yourself first. And first of all, we will talk about assessing the extent of damage. For example, if the problem is not too serious, you can get by by applying wax to the surface and pouring petroleum jelly inside the passages identified and identified during a visual inspection.

If the furniture is affected, but the number of moves is quite large, it is worth supplementing the treatment with the use of aerosol preparations. The top part of the wood is removed by sanding, then the opened passages are treated with an insecticide spray and sealed with wax to prevent air from entering.

If bugs have occupied the structural elements of a building - beams, ceilings, walls, floor boards, you should not waste time, but immediately contact professionals. After all, carelessness regarding such a threat can lead to very negative consequences.

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Effective drugs

There are a huge number of pest control products available.

The plant must be treated with insecticides and acaricides.

There are several effective ingredients you can use at home.

"Fitoverm"

The product will need to be diluted in two hundred milliliters of warm water. For one treatment, two milliliters of the drug is enough.

The liquid should be sprayed onto the affected areas. For better concentration, it is necessary to cover the plant with a transparent polyethylene film. The protection can be removed after 24 hours.

"Vertimek"

To make the solution, you need to mix two and a half milliliters of the product in ten liters of water. The drug can be used in all crop zones. To enhance the effect, you need to use a protective cover.

"Agravertine"

Less effective drug. Reducing the thermometer mark below + 18 degrees reduces the concentration of the product. For half a liter of water you will need five milliliters of natural insectoacaricide. It is recommended to use a plastic bag during the day.

"Aktelik"

It has a strong unpleasant odor. Not recommended for use indoors with insufficient air circulation. For processing, you will need to dissolve the ampoule in one liter of water. Polyethylene facilitates the penetration of the drug into plant tissue.

"Karate"

For one spraying, half a milliliter of the drug should be diluted in 2.5 liters of warm water.

"Confidor"

The product is used to disinfect the substrate.

"Karbofos"

For two liters of water, the consumption rate of the drug is fifteen grams.

"Intavir"

One tablet of the product must be dissolved in ten liters of water. The solution can be used to spray all areas of the crop. To enhance the effect, you can use a package.

It will not be possible to destroy fringed winged insects with a one-time treatment. It is necessary to carry out several courses of treatment every ten days. Even after treatment, larvae continue to emerge from laid eggs.

Thrips prevention

— Avoid excessive dry air in the room.

— Regularly inspect the flowers and leaves of plants. On the underside of the leaf you can see light (white-yellow or grayish) wingless thrips larvae, which, nevertheless, are able to move very quickly. You can also find adult individuals, inconspicuous brownish or yellowish in color, sometimes with transverse stripes.

— Give plants a shower periodically.

- Sticky traps - blue or yellow strips of paper hung among plants - help not only to detect this pest in time, but also to reduce its numbers.

Important! Thrips easily move from the affected plant to nearby healthy ones.